OxyShield Tetra (SS31) 10

OxyShield Tetra (SS-31) also known as  Elamipretide or Bendavia, is a mitochondria-targeting peptide that  belongs to the Szeto-Schiller (SS) peptide family. It’s a tetrapeptide  (composed of four amino acids) with specific properties that allow it to  target and accumulate in mitochondria. Key characteristics: Structure: A small water-soluble peptide with alternating aromatic residues and basic amino acids Function: Targets the inner mitochondrial membrane, specifically binding to cardiolipin Mechanism of action: OxyShield works by: 1. Penetrating cell membranes and concentrating in mitochondria 2. Binding to cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane 3. Stabilizing mitochondrial cristae structure 4. Optimizing electron transport chain efficiency 5. Reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production 6. Preserving ATP synthesis during cellular stress Clinical applications: OxyShield is being investigated for treating conditions involving mitochondrial dysfunction: – Age-related macular degeneration – Heart failure – Ischemia-reperfusion injury – Neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s) – Skeletal muscle diseases – Kidney diseases Advantages Mitochondrial Specificity Selective targeting: Concentrates specifically in mitochondria without affecting other cellular components High affinity for cardiolipin: Binds directly to this key phospholipid in the inner mitochondrial membrane No charge dependence: Unlike other  mitochondrial-targeting compounds, doesn’t rely on membrane potential  for uptake, allowing it to work even in damaged mitochondria Therapeutic Advantages Antioxidant properties: Reduces excessive ROS production without eliminating normal signaling ROS Preserves energy production: Maintains ATP synthesis under cellular stress conditions Structural stabilization: Helps maintain cristae structure, preserving mitochondrial function Anti-inflammatory effects: Reduces inflammation associated with mitochondrial dysfunction Pharmacological Benefits Cell-penetrating ability: Readily crosses cell membranes without requiring specialized transporters Good safety profile: Has demonstrated favorable tolerability in clinical trials Small molecule peptide: More stable than many biologics and easier to deliver Water-soluble: Favorable pharmacokinetic properties Clinical Potential Multiple indications: Shows promise across various diseases with mitochondrial dysfunction components Disease-modifying potential: Addresses underlying pathophysiology rather than just symptoms Synergistic effects: May enhance efficacy of other treatments when used in combination Preserves tissue function: Shows ability to protect tissues from ischemic and oxidative damage